BPH Licensing exam practice SET 2

Q1

Which of the following is a connective tissue?

A

Adipose tissue

B

Skeletal muscle

C

Cardiac muscle

D

Nervous tissue

Q2

Which of the following is an example of an intestinal protozoan parasite?

A

Giardia lamblia

B

Ascaris lumbricoides

C

Wuchereria bancrofti

D

Taenia solium

Q3

What is a common first aid measure for shock management?

A

Elevating the legs

B

Providing warm drinks

C

Administering painkillers

D

Keeping the person in a crowded area

Q4

Which term is used to describe a disease that is constantly present in a specific geographic area or population?

A

Endemic

B

Epidemic

C

Pandemic

D

Sporadic

Q5

Which term refers to the transmission of a disease from animals to humans?

A

Zoonotic

B

Iatrogenic

C

Infective dose

D

Reservoir

Q6

What is the term for the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations andthe application of this study to the control of health problems?

A

Epidemiology

B

Pathology

C

Biostatistics

D

Virology

Q7

If the numerator of a rate includes only new cases occurring during a specific time period, what type of rate is it?

A

Incidence rate

B

Prevalence rate

C

Attack rate

D

Mortality rate

Q8

In epidemiological study design, which type of study is primarily concerned with the distribution of disease in a population?

A

Descriptive study

B

Analytical study

C

Experimental study

D

Interventional Study

Q9

What is the primary characteristic of an experimental study?

A

Involves a control group

B

Observes outcomes without interventions

C

Measures prevalence of disease

D

Focuses on case series

Q10

What is the primary purpose of tabulation in biostatistics?

A

Summarizing data for easier interpretation

B

Making data collection more complex

C

Excluding outliers from the dataset

D

Conducting hypothesis testing

Q11

What is the primary focus of biostatistics in public health research?

A

Investigating community health through statistical methods

B

Studying plant populations

C

Analyzing animal behavior

D

Conducting clinical trials

Q12

How does biostatistics differ from general statistics?

A

Biostatistics focuses on healthcare data and biological phenomena

B

Biostatistics is only concerned with animal populations

C

General statistics excludes human health data

D

General statistics applies only to social sciences

Q13

Which frequency measure is a ratio of the number of cases of a disease to the population at risk during a specified time period?

A

Rate

B

Proportion

C

Ratio

D

Prevalence

Q14

What is a fundamental component of population structure in demographic studies?

A

Age distribution

B

Sex ratio

C

Marital status distribution

D

Household composition

Q15

Which factor is NOT considered a component of population growth?

A

Economic development

B

Fertility

C

Mortality

D

Migration

Q16

How is the demographic dividend related to population studies?

A

It represents the economic potential of a youthful population

B

It signifies an aging population

C

It refers to an imbalance in gender distribution

D

It measures migration patterns

Q17

Which document emphasizes the importance of a holistic model of family health in Nepal?

A

Alma-Ata Declaration

B

Jakarta Declaration

C

Ottawa Charter of Health Promotion

D

Nepalese Constitution

Q18

What is the focus of issues in reproductive health in Nepal?

A

Addressing gender-based violence, family planning, and antenatal care

B

Individual health challenges

C

Biomedical models only

D

Corporate health concerns

Q19

What is the primary goal of the Jakarta Declaration?

A

Holistic health for all

B

Ignoring community health needs

C

Corporate health initiatives

D

Exclusively centralized health management

Q20

What issues are covered under environmental and occupational health in Nepal?

A

Pesticide use, waste management, and the health of workers in various sectors

B

Ignoring community health needs

C

Corporate health challenges

D

Exclusively centralized health issues

Q21

What is the primary aim of the Ottawa Charter of Health Promotion?

A

Empowering individuals and communities to take control of their health

B

Ignoring community health needs

C

Biomedical models only

D

Exclusively centralized health initiatives

Q22

Population policy and program in Nepal primarily aim to?

A

Restrict fertility

B

Encourage migration

C

Discourage mortality reduction efforts

D

Neglect the demographic factors

Q23

What is the role of the National Health Education, Information, and Communication Center (NHEICC) in Nepal?

A

Planning and implementing health education and promotion programs

B

Ignoring community health needs

C

Solely community-based promotion

D

Exclusively centralized health education oversight

Q24

What does the PRECED framework in health education diagnosis stand for?

A

Predisposing, Reinforcing, and Enabling Constructs in Educational Diagnosis and Evaluation

B

Pre-Education, Education, and Decentralization

C

Preparatory, Responsibility, and Decision

D

Primary, Research, and Educational Constructs for Diagnosis

Q25

What is the primary focus of health promotion and education planning approaches?

A

Addressing the diverse needs of the target population

B

Ignoring community health needs

C

Solely community-based planning

D

Exclusively centralized planning oversight

Q26

What is the role of monitoring in health education and promotion programs?

A

Observing and assessing program activities for effectiveness

B

Ignoring monitoring considerations

C

Solely community-based monitoring

D

Exclusively centralized monitoring oversight

Q27

What is the organizational structure of the health system in Nepal from central level to community level?

A

Hierarchical structure from central to community level

B

Exclusively centralized

C

Solely community-based

D

Ignoring community health posts

Q28

What is the primary focus of the Alma-Ata Declaration?

A

Universal health coverage

B

Ignoring community health needs

C

Socialized medicine

D

Corporate health initiatives

Q29

Which programs fall under the umbrella of various health programs in Nepal?

A

Programs such as TB control, Leprosy control, Malaria control, and more

B

Financial programs only

C

Ignoring community needs

D

Exclusively community-managed programs

Q30

What is the significance of health education and promotion planning?

A

To ensure systematic and effective program implementation

B

Ignoring planning considerations

C

Solely community-based planning

D

Exclusively centralized planning oversight

Q31

What is the role of DPHO/DHO/PHCC/HP in the district health system?

A

Key organizational components with defined roles and responsibilities

B

Exclusively financial oversight

C

Ignoring community engagement

D

Omitting coordination efforts

Q32

What is the primary focus of health financing in the Nepalese health system?

A

Ensuring financial resources for effective health services

B

Ignoring financial considerations

C

Solely community contributions

D

Exclusively centralized financial management

Q33

How is irregularity clearance addressed in the health system of Nepal?

A

Through a specific mechanism

B

Ignoring irregularities

C

Solely community oversight

D

Exclusively centralized oversight

Q34

Natural Family Planning does not include:

A

Terminal methods

B

Basal Body Temperature Method

C

Cervical Mucus Method

D

Symptothermic Method

Q35

Which of the following Natural method of contraception is most effective?

A

Symptothermic method

B

Calendar method

C

Billings method

D

Basal body temperature method

Q36

What is the Primary role of Family Health In healthcare?

A

Emphasizes prevention and promotion

B

Exclusively focused on treatment

C

Ignoring adolescent health

D

Family planning promotion

Q37

What is a significant indicator used in Child Health Programs?

A

Child mortality rate

B

Infant mortality rate

C

Under-5 mortality rate

D

Immunization coverage

Q38

What is the primary purpose of supervision, monitoring, and evaluation of health programs?

A

Ensuring program efficiency and effectiveness

B

Solely financial tracking

C

Ignoring program effectiveness

D

Excluding community engagement

Q39

What does the referral system in Nepal encompass?

A

A systematic approach from different service providing levels

B

Ignoring different service levels

C

Solely centralized referral

D

Exclusively community-managed referrals

Q40

Why is inter-sectoral cooperation and coordination essential for addressing nutrition problems in Nepal?

A

To integrate efforts for comprehensive nutrition plans

B

To promote malnutrition

C

To ignore foodborne diseases

D

To exclude food security

Q41

What is a major environmental health problem associated with poor sanitation and hygiene practices?

A

Waterborne diseases

B

Air pollution

C

Industrial pollution

D

Deforestation

Q42

Which environmental issue is primarily related to the depletion of forests and degradation of land?

A

Deforestation and desertification

B

Indoor air pollution

C

Flooding

D

Water pollution

Q43

What is the primary focus of anthropology?

A

Investigating cultural practices

B

Studying individual behavior

C

Examining society and social institutions

D

Analyzing economic processes

Q44

Which organelle is known as the control center of an animal cell?

A

Nucleus

B

Cell membrane

C

Mitochondrion

D

Golgi apparatus

Q45

What is the primary function of the immune system?

A

Protection against pathogens

B

Digestion

C

Respiration

D

Blood circulation

Q46

Which of the following is a specific defense mechanism of the body's immune system?

A

Antibody production

B

Blood clotting

C

Cough reflex

D

Inflammation

Q47

Which type of shock is often caused by severe allergic reactions?

A

Anaphylactic shock

B

Hypovolemic shock

C

Cardiogenic shock

D

Septic shock

Q48

What term is used to describe the occurrence of cases of a particular disease in a population or geographic area that is greater than what is normally expected?

A

Epidemic

B

Endemic

C

Pandemic

D

Sporadic

Q49

What is the term for the time during which an infected individual can transmit the infectious agent to others?

A

Communicable period

B

Secondary attack rate

C

Carrier period

D

Incubation period

Q50

If a disease occurs irregularly and occasionally in scattered or isolated cases, what term is used to describe it?

A

sporadic

B

Endemic

C

Epidemic

D

Pandemic

Q51

Which of the following is classified as a macronutrient?

A

Carbohydrates

B

Vitamins

C

Minerals

D

Trace elements

Q52

In epidemiology, what is the term for an organism that can cause infection or disease?

A

Agent

B

Carrier

C

Host

D

Reservoir

Q53

Which measure of central tendency is influenced by extreme values in a dataset?

A

Mean

B

Median

C

Mode

D

Range

Q54

What is the median of the following dataset: 5, 8, 10, 12, 15?

A

10

B

12

C

8

D

15

Q55

What is the primary importance of population studies in public health?

A

Analyzing demographic trends and patterns for informed decision-making

B

Establishing individual health guidelines

C

Isolating health issues from broader societal context

D

Focusing solely on medical interventions

Q56

Which of the following is a key component of population growth?

A

Fertility, mortality, and migration

B

Socioeconomic factors

C

Political stability

D

Health policy

Q57

What does the demographic health survey in Nepal primarily focus on?

A

Demographic and health indicators

B

Agricultural practices

C

Healthcare infrastructure

D

Industrial development

Q58

What is the primary focus of public health?

A

Community health

B

Individual health

C

Global health

D

Corporate health

Q59

Which document emphasizes the importance of health promotion and prevention?

A

Ottawa Charter of Health Promotion

B

Jakarta Declaration

C

Alma-Ata Declaration

D

WHO Constitution

Q60

What is the goal of health policies and plans in public health?

A

Addressing the health needs of the population

B

Ignoring community health needs

C

Enhancing individual health

D

Exclusively centralized health management

Q61

What is the primary goal of the Alma-Ata Declaration?

A

Universal health coverage

B

Ignoring community health needs

C

Socialized medicine

D

Corporate health

Q62

Which issues fall under the scope of public health problems in Nepal?

A

Communicable diseases, non-communicable diseases, mental health, and drug abuse

B

Corporate health challenges

C

Individual diseases only

D

Exclusively centralized health issues

Q63

What does the Ottawa Charter prioritize in health promotion?

A

Community participation and empowerment

B

Ignoring community health needs

C

Socialized medicine

D

Corporate health initiatives

Q64

What is the primary goal of health education and promotion?

A

Enhancing individual and community health through education and awareness

B

Ignoring community health needs

C

Solely community-based promotion

D

Exclusively centralized health education

Q65

Which theory focuses on the stages of behavioral change, including pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance?

A

Transtheoretical Model (Stages of Change)

B

Health Belief Model

C

Social Cognitive Theory

D

Theory of Planned Behavior

Q66

What is the role of media in health education and promotion?

A

Facilitating the dissemination of health information to a wide audience

B

Ignoring media influence

C

Solely community-based media usage

D

Exclusively centralized media management

Q67

Which concept involves the legal aspects of public health?

A

Legal aspect in public health

B

Health Promotion

C

Biomedical model

D

Socialized medicine

Q68

What is the primary focus of public health management and administration?

A

Emphasizing prevention, promotion, and treatment

B

Exclusively treatment-oriented

C

Ignoring preventive measures

D

Isolating from community engagement

Q69

What are the elements of planning in the context of public health management?

A

Comprehensive considerations including financial, human resources, and community participation

B

Solely financial considerations

C

Ignoring community involvement

D

Excluding long-term objectives

Q70

What is the importance of principles of learning in health education?

A

Ensuring a systematic and effective learning process

B

Ignoring educational principles

C

Solely community-based learning principles

D

Exclusively centralized learning oversight

Q71

Which of the following is a measure of health inequality?

A

All of these

B

Gini coefficient

C

Lorenz curve

D

Concentration index

Q72

Why is the selection of appropriate health education methods and media important?

A

To ensure effective communication and engagement

B

To reduce the overall cost of health programs

C

To standardize health messages for all audiences

D

To increase the speed of program implementation

Q73

Which of the following is a type of market failure in health care?

A

All of these

B

Asymmetric information

C

Moral hazard

D

Adverse selection

Q74

Which of the following is a criterion for evaluating health care policies?

A

All of the above

B

Efficiency

C

Equity

D

Sustainability

Q75

How are health services managed in Nepal?

A

Through various approaches at different levels

B

Fragmented approach

C

Solely centralized management

D

Exclusively community-managed

Q76

Scope of Modern Concept of family planning services include all of the following except:

A

Screening for HIV infection

B

Screening for cervical cancer

C

Providing services for unmarried mothers

D

Providing adoption services

Q77

What is the primary focus of environmental and occupational health?

A

Protection of the environment and workers' health

B

Promotion of individual well-being

C

Preservation of cultural heritage

D

Enhancement of economic growth

Q78

Which of the following is an example of a positive externality in health care?

A

Vaccination

B

Smoking

C

Overuse of antibiotics

D

None of the above

Q79

Which of the following is a method of eliciting preferences for health states?

A

All of the these

B

Standard gamble

C

Time trade-off

D

Visual analog scale

Q80

Which component of environmental health is associated with diseases transmitted through contaminated water?

A

Water resources management

B

Air quality management

C

Solid waste management

D

Biodiversity conservation

Q81

What is the primary focus of sociology?

A

Examining society and social institutions

B

Studying individual behavior

C

Analyzing biological processes

D

Investigating psychological phenomena

Q82

What is a basic element of society in sociology?

A

Individual

B

Family

C

Group

D

Culture

Q83

Which term refers to the process of learning and internalizing the values, beliefs, and norms of a society?

A

Socialization

B

Acculturation

C

Enculturation

D

Assimilation